Salem, Tamil Nadu

Salem(சேலம்)
—  city  —
Salem NH7 bye-pass flyover from Oothumalai
Salem(சேலம்)
Location of Salem(சேலம்)
in Tamil Nadu and India
Coordinates
Country  India
State Tamil Nadu
District(s) Salem
Mayor J. Rekha Priyadharshini
Population

• Density

 751,438 (2001)

• 8,036 /km2 (20,813 /sq mi)
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Area

• Elevation

 93.5 square kilometres (36.1 sq mi)

• 278 metres (912 ft)
Portal Portal: Tamil Nadu  
Website www.salemcorporation.gov.in

Salem pronunciation (Tamil: சேலம்) is a city and a corporation in Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located in the north central part of the southernmost state of India. It is the 5th largest Municipal Corporation and Urban agglomeration in Tamil Nadu next to Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai and Trichy.

Salem is a part of the Kongu Nadu, an ancient division of Tamilakam comprising the western Tamil Nadu. Almost completely surrounded by hills, Salem is at the base of the renowned tourist destination of Yercaud hills, which offers breathtaking views both along the ride up the hill and from the peak. There are also remote sites of beauty such as Kiliyur falls and Kavery peak.[1] Yercaud is at an altitude of 1600 m above mean sea level.

The city is surrounded by hills on all sides: the Nagaramalai to the north, the Jarugumalai to the south, the Kanjamalai to the west, and Godumalai to the east. It is divided by the river Thirumanimuthar in the main division. The fort area is the oldest part of the town.[2]

Contents

Early history

The name Salem appears to have been derived from hai or Shalya or Sayilam which are found in inscriptions referring to the country around the hills. Salem and the hilly region around it were part of the Chera and Kongu country in ancient times. They were ruled by their own Kongu Kings who were the Kurunila Mannargal of ancient Tamilnadu. Local folklore has it that the region around Salem was the birthplace of the Tamil poetess Avvaiyar. Inscriptions from the Ganga dynasty have been recovered from parts of the district. The city lies in the middle of Kongu Nadu.

Salem then later became part of the Western Ganga Dynasty and was long ruled by the Gangakulam rulers. With the Southern invasion of Tamilnadu by Vijayanagar empire, Salem came under the Madurai Nayaks. Later, it was ruled by Gatti Mudalis Poligars of Salem who built some famous temples and fort in and around the city. In the early 18th century, it came under Hyder Ali after a long feud know as the Mysore-Madurai war. Salem was then taken from Hyder Ali by Colonel Wood in the beginning of 1768. It was recaptured by Hyder ali towards the end of the year 1772. Under Lord Clive in 1799, it was again occupied by a detachment of the regiment stationed at Sankagiri Durg and remained a military station until 1861 when the troops were altogether withdrawn. One can find places like Magnum Chowltry renamed now as Magudanchavadi. During the times of Dheeran Chinnamalai, places like Salem and Sankagiri were the scene of battle between Kongu forces and British allied forces. The legendary Kongu chieftain Theeran Chinnamalai was hanged infamously in the Sankagiri fort on Adi Perukku day which later became the army headquarters of the British.

Geography and climate

Salem is located at .[3] It has an average elevation of 278 metres (912 ft). Salem is surrounded by hills and the landscape is dotted with hillocks.

Mettur Dharmapuri Shevaroy Hills & Harur
Thramangalam Attur
   Salem City    
Erode Namakkal Rasipuram

Politics

Salem consists of four assembly constituencies: Salem North, Salem South ,Salem West and Veerapandi which are part of Salem (Lok Sabha constituency).[4]. Many great personalities including Salem Ramasamy Mudaliar, C. Vijayaraghavachariar, Pagadala Narasimhalu Naidu, C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) , Dr. P. Subbarayan and S.V.Ramaswamy,karipatty'T.Ponnumalai(EX-MLA)(Panamarathupatty constituency)(DMK Party)' were some of the popular leaders from the Salem. Mohan Kumaramangalm was the Minister of Iron and Steel in Indira Gandhi's Cabinet.

The incumbent Agriculture Minister of Tamilnadu, Mr.Veerapandy Arumugam (DMK party) is from this city.

Demographics

As of 2001 Indian Census[5] the Salem Urban Agglomeration had a total population of 751,438, comprising Salem Municipal Corporation (696,760), Kondalampatti (16,808), Kannankurichi (14,994), Neykkarappatti (9,869), Mallamooppampatti (6,783) and Dalavaipatti (6,224).

Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Salem has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 64.5%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 72%. In Salem, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

The language spoken in Salem is predominantly Kongu Tamil. Salem is also has a significant number of North Indians, like Marathi speaking people, Jains and Marwaris who are mainly engaged in trade and commerce who have also learned to speak Tamil.

The city has grown leaps and bounds in the last two decades, which can be observed from the official census data. Population in 1991: 499,024 & Population in 2001: 696,760.

Entertainment

Cinema Theatres

Salem has long been established as a city of cinema theatres. It was unique in having a large number of cinema theatres at a particular place called Kitchipalayam.

In 80s at the peak there was almost 28 theatres showing all kind of cinemas including Hollywood movies, Dubbed movies and old movies. But currently there are about 15 theatres there as some of them were closed and even now there are about 15 theatres functioning. Some of the famous theatres are

Sapna, Santham, Santosh, SANGEETH COMPLEX,(2 screen) ARRS Multiplex (5 screen) geethalaya BIG CINEMAS(KS Theatre), RAJ SABARI BIG CINEMAS keethana& ramana( 2 screen), etc.

Modern Theatres: Modern Theaters Ltd was a motion picture movie studio in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, started by Thiruchengodu Ramalingam Sundaram (aka TRS) in 1935. The studio produced over more than 150 movies until 1982 in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Hindi, Sinhalese and even English of which Tamil movies were the majority.

In the early 1930s, T.R. Sundaram entered the world of Tamil cinema as a partner of a Salem-based film company, Angel Films. He was involved in productions such as Draupadi Vastrapaharanam (1934), Dhruva (1935) and Nalla Thangal (1935). Then he decided to start his own company, Modern Theatres Limited. He realized that to make film making a business, it had to be organized and managed like a business enterprise. He also planned a schedule of producing films on a tight budget (two or three a year), so that the market and consumers were regularly and continually supplied with his products. The maiden production of Modern Theatres, directed by T.R. Sundaram, was Sathi Ahalya, a mythological plot was released in 1937. Sundaram promoted Modern Theatres as a joint stock company and built a studio on a vast stretch of land on the outskirts of Salem town. The hundred odd films that came from his studio covered a wide spectrum of themes — mythology, comedy and original screenplays to adaptation of classic works of literature and murder mysteries. It is, however, the James Bond style of films starring Jaishankar that are almost synonymous with the banner. Following the Hollywood studio system, TRS had on his rolls writers, technicians, actors and so on. He paid generously and promptly, a rarity in the film circle[1].

Shopping Malls

Omalur Road

Salem is also emerging as one of the major shopping centers in the recent past. Saradha College Road and the Omalur Road have witnessed lots of growth in the shopping and retail portfolio, Swarnambigai Plaza, Kandaswarna Shopping Mall, V.V Shopping plaza, Tulsi Retail, Kandaswarna Mega Mall, Spencers, More for you,Shortly open Europa discount store.and also growing up northern salem areas. Nilgiris, Airport and so on.Also, ARRS MEGA MALL a mall with international standards with a theatre consisting of 8 screens is coming up.

There also a good number of hotels and restaurants present in the city.

Parks

Annaa Park with facilities for children is situated near the Gandhi Stadium. Another park known as Mettur Park is located near the Mettur Dam. Salem also has a theme park named 'Paravasa Ulagam'.

Economy

Salem is one of the major producers of traditional silver anklets, which are popular among women.[6] It boasts large textile,steel,automotive, poultry and sago industries.[7] Salem also has one of the largest magnesite deposits in India. Companies like Dalmia and TANMAG have mines here.[8] The Leigh Bazaar market is one of the largest regional markets for agro products. Salem had an active film production with Rathna studio and former Modern Theatres Studios being the hub of Tamil film production. Now defunct, Modern Theatres produced some of the most successful Tamil films, in which many veteran actors appeared, including former Chief Minister M.G. Ramachandran. However, there are presently no studios in Salem.

Export commodities

Salem is renowned for fabric exports, dating back to 1930's. Salem is the major exporter of fabric / cloth items until the recent development of Tirupur as a knitted garment export hub. Salem is also popular for its mangoes and are exported to different parts of the World. Plans are underway to build a mango pulp factory near Salem to export conditioned mango pulp.

Special Economic Zones (SEZ)

Being one of the fastest growing tier II cities, the Tamil Nadu government and ELCOT are planning to establish an IT park in Salem covering about 160 acres (0.65 km2).[9] [10] SAIL is planning a Steel SEZ inside the Salem Steel plant covering about 250 acres (1.0 km2)[11].

There is an exclusive Electrical and Electronics Industrial Estate in the Suramangalam area of Salem city. [12]

Religious sites

There are several Mariamman temples in Salem. Every year around July the city celebrates Mariamman festival for a fortnight. During this festival, goddess Mariamman is decorated with jewellery and flower chariots and taken around the city at midnight. On the first important day of the festival, people walk on fire (note: devotees call fire as flower) with their prayers. The second day is colourful with parades of fancy dress. Shevapet Mariamman temple car is the biggest one among the cars of Amman temples across the state. This festival is celebrated for a week. The Kottai Marriamman temple is very famous not only in Salem but throughout Tamil Nadu.

Another important temple named "EllaiPedari Amman" in salem which is located nearby Govt. Arts and science college in Maravaneri. This temple is located on the mark to road side which have its own history. Generally, temple festival starts between March - April every year. Festival falls for a week and devotees do their veandudhal like people walk on fire (note: devotees call fire as flower), Alagu Kuthudhal and so..

There is an Alagirnathar Thirukoil popularly known as "Kottai Perumal Koil", located at the heart of the city. The temple has been built centuries ago and has some beautiful sculptures. "Vaikunta Ekadasi" is the most famous festival in the temple, and on that day, lakhs of devotees visit the temple.In this temple, other festivals such as Brahmotsavam, Pavithrotsavam, Navarathri, and Puratasi are celebrated at good spirit. Thousands of devotees throng the temple during these days. "Aandaal Thirukalyanam" is a famous utsavam in the temple for which a special garland is brought from Sri Villi Puttur ("Soodi kodutha sudar malai")

The Sugavaneshwarar temple is also a very important shrine of Salem. Mythology records that sage Sugha Brahmarishi worshiped the lord here. Arunagirinadhar has sung a song on Lord Muruga in Sugavaneshwarar temple. It was constructed during 13th Century by MaMannan Sundara Pondiyan

There is Shri Hanuman, Ashram popularly known as Sri Baktha Varaprasadha Anjaneyar, Ashram, located at the heart of the city. Shri Hanuman also known as Shri Anjaneyar is enshrined in this Ashram. Shri Hanuman Jayanthi; Shri Ramanavami and New year celebrations are most famous events in this Ashram. The most important practice in this Ashram is, reciting Sundara Kandam of Ramayana, the most famous epic of India. The popular belief is that, Shri Hanuman is ardently listens to all the devotees while they recite the Sundara Kandam and blesses all the deveotees as well. At Seelanaickenpatty there is another hill for Lord Murugan, named Oothumalai. Kumaragiri is a small temple for Lord Muruga. It is situated 5 km from Salem city. A Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama is located in Salem. It was started in 1928 and made a branch of the mission in 1941. A relatively new ISKCON ashram is also present at Salem. There is a lord narashimma temp in vaikalpattarai and a raghavendra mutt in kannankuruchi.. All parts of Salem are covered by mosques. Jamia masjid in Bazaar St, Meltheru and Keeltheru Mosques in Fort, mosques near railway junction and New integrated bus terminal, mosques in Ammapet, 5 Roads and Gugai are the famous one. Moreover there is a famous Arabic college located near Tamil Nadu Magnesite, Salem, offering world-class Arabic studies to the students.There is also a Narashimmar temple in vayikaalpattarai ad a raghavendra mutt in kannankuruchi.

Infant Jesus Church is situated at Four Roads, Salem. In 1930, the city was made the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salem. The Bishop is Sebastianappan Singaroyan and the cathedral is the Infant of Jesus Cathedral. Also, Eden Gardens School near Gandhi Road area has an attached prayer hall which functions as LEF.

There are different temples having his particular family called kuladeivam e.g.: ayyanarappan temple my family temple were locate malakoundanur in omalur and another family ayyanarappan temple at aatyampatty's lake in paparapattry is very famous for thevam(feast) where lakhs of brotherhoods come from in and around tamilnadu....

about 10 km from salem city towards elampillai is a very old and famous temple called sidhar koil . (sidhars are saints who could perform miracles - a system of medicine developed by them is followed even today). it is believed a famous sidhar lived in the nearby kanjamalai and attained samadhi here. locals throng this temple every new moon day to offer prayers and to take bath in the nearby stream believed to have medicinal values.

Yercaud

Yercaud is a hill station near Salem, Tamil Nadu, India in the Servarayan range of hills (anglicized as Shevaroys) in the Eastern Ghats. It is at an altitude of 1515 metres (4969 feet) above the mean sea level. The town gets its name from the lake located at its center - in Tamil "Yeri" means "lake" and "Kaadu" means "forest". Yercaud is known for coffee plantations and orange groves. It also has an orchidarium run by the Botanical Survey of India.

The highest point in Yercaud is the Servarayan temple. Hence the Yercaud hill area is called Shevaroy Hills.

Yercaud is also known as Poor man's Ooty.

Coordinates: 11°46′46″N 78°12′12″E / 11.7794°N 78.2034°E / 11.7794; 78.2034

Gallery

Kiliyur waterfall near Yercaud

Rainbow near Pagoda point

View of Salem city at night

A quiet road in Yercaud

Boating lake

Dry season falls

Water falls at hills

Lakeview in Yercaud

Lakeview in Yercaud

Boating at Yercaud Lake

Coffee Plantation in Yercaud

Transport

Salem ByPass

Salem is a transit point for travel between Chennai, Bangalore, Thiruvananthapuram, Coimbatore, [Erode],[Tirupur], Madurai, Ernakulam/Cochin, Pondicherry, Trichy, Tirunelveli(nellai) and other places.

Road

National Highways

AVR Roundabout on the way to Junction.

Three important National Highways are passing through Salem:

Bus Stations

Salem has 2 major Bus Stations as mentioned below:

Rail

Salem Junction
Salem Town
Salem Market

Decoration work were done after the formation of the Great Salem division. Salem Railway division has a total length of 842 km. Salem Junction is a six railway routes merging junction, so it plays an important transit point in south India. Many Trains are passing through Salem Junction and Direct Trains are available for the following destinations as mentioned below (along with the routes):

Trains passing through Salem Junction

(Towards / Via)

 [b]Direct Trains[/b] to Major Cities
1.Towards Jolarpettai

(via) Magnesite Junction
  • Chennai (Madras) Central
  • Mumbai
  • Howrah, Guwahati
  • Ghorakhpur
  • New Delhi
2.Towards Bangalore

(via) Omalur RS|

  • Bangalore, Mysore
  • Mumbai
3.Towards Mettur Dam

(via) Omalur RS| Mettur Dam
4.Towards Erode

(via) Sankagiri
  • Coimbatore
  • Tiruchirappalli
  • Madurai, Tuticorin, Rameswaram, Kaniyakumari
  • Cochin (Ernakulam), Trivandrum, Mangalore
5.Towards Vridhachalam

(via) Salem Town
  • Chennai-Egmore

Apart from these six railway routes, there is a freight line from Salem to Steel plant.

Trains from Chennai to Coimbatore/Kerala (East-West) and trains from Bangalore to Southern districts [North-South] pass through the city, making it an important transit hub.

In 2007, Salem became a rail-division and this was formally inaugurated on 1 November 2007 by the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi and Former Indian Railway Minister Lalu Prasad Yadav.[13] The Salem rail-division was carved out of the Palakkad rail-division in Kerala, which had created dissension between the two states.

The main train originating from Salem is

Salem enjoys good rail connectivity throughout the day to the state capital Chennai. Initiatives have been taken for a faster train from Chennai to Coimbatore via Salem.

There are heavy demands to start new services for Pattambi, Srinagar, Indore, Lucknow, Jabalpur,New Tinsukia, Mathura, cuttack, Darjelling, Hatia, Attur, Mandya, Hassan, Nandyal, Daund, Chelama, Kurnool, Raipur, Srirangam, Tiruvamiur, Ennore and Jaipur from Salem.

New railway track is under construction from Salem to Karur via Namakkal.

Following are the railway stations for the Salem urban area

Air

The Salem Airport is about a 20 minute drive from the city on the Bangalore highway.

Salem Airport- Salem has a domestic airport with international standards (code FR3241) at Kamalapuram near Omalur on NH7 towards Dharmapuri, Bangalore.

SalemJET is the Web portal for the Salem Airport(India) & Salem Tourism

Kingfisher Airlines is operating regular flights to Chennai from Salem Airport with connecting flights to Hyderabad, Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkatta. [14]

Salem Airport

Media

The Polymer Channel network is operated from Salem. It's one of the best Education and Entertainment channel.In 2008 Polymer channel became a Satellite network operation. The CTN channel is also operated from salem with its head office at 4 roads,salem.

Print

The Newspapers which are available on Salem Edition are

Television Channel

Salem Has 4 local Tamil Channels,

Radio

Salem has All India Radio, i.e. FM Rainbow-103.70.. repeater station which transmits signals originated at kodaikanal air station

Education

Salem, which was once considered the most educationally backward district in Tamil Nadu, now has a good number of educational institutions.

It has a Govt. medical college named Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem started in 1986. It is recognized by MCI[15], with an annual intake of 75 MBBS seats. It is attached to the Government Head Quarters Hospital, Salem and the classes are conducted in Medical college which is located about 10 km from the hospital.

Now the hospital is under upgradation [16] on the lines of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) at a cost of Rs.120 crores from the assistance of Central Government. New buildings are under construction.

Universities

Periyar University

Arts and Science

Salem city has a very oldest college viz, Government Arts College at Salem-7, instituted 170 years ago. This college was originally belonged to the Salem Municipal corporation, which was transferred to the Government of Madras in the year aroun 1963-6 when M.Gopal was the Chairman of Salem Municiplaity. If not then Salem would have been the only place where a Municipality was having a college.

Education

1. A.V.S. College of Arts and Science.

2. Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem - 7.

3. Government Arts College for Women, Salem - 8.

4. Jairam Arts & Science College.

5. Padmavani College of Arts and Science.

6. Shri Sakthi Kailassh Women's College.

7. Salem Sowdeswari College

8. Sri Sarada College for Women (Autonomous)

9. Sri Ganesh College.

10. Vysya College

Medical Colleges

Engineering Colleges

Administrative block of Government College of Engineering

Polytechnic Institutions

Schools

st.,mary's girls'higher sec., school is celebrating its diamond jublee this year..

Sister Cities

Neelambal Subramaniyam Higher Secondary School,Old Suramangalam,Salem-5.

References

  1. ↑ "Jungle Look". The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/02/11/stories/2006021102780300.htm. Retrieved 2006-12-09. 
  2. ↑ "About Salem". Vii InnovatioN. http://www.http://www.salema2z.in/about/index.php. Retrieved 2009-08-29. 
  3. ↑ Falling Rain Genomic s, Inc - Salem
  4. ↑ "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf. Retrieved 2008-10-09. 
  5. ↑ Indian Census
  6. ↑ "Salem Silver Works". http://www.salema2z.in/about/silver.php. 
  7. ↑ "Sago Point of the World". http://www.salema2z.in/about/sago.php. 
  8. ↑ "Dept.Geology and mining, TN". http://www.tnmine.tn.nic.in/TN-Mining.htm#Magnesite. 
  9. ↑ "Tamilnadu Elcot Website". Elcot. http://elcot.in/it-parks.php?page=2#4. Retrieved 2008-09-26. 
  10. ↑ "Site for IT Park ideally situated". The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/01/stories/2006090103810500.htm. Retrieved 2006-01-09. 
  11. ↑ "Site for IT Park ideally situated". http://www.processregister.com/Salem_Steel_S_E_Z/Project/pid20353.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-26. 
  12. ↑ "Electrical and electronics industries". Government of Tamil Nadu. http://www.tn.gov.in/policynotes/archives/policy2001-2/pbrsi6-e-2001-2.htm. 
  13. ↑ Staff (14 October 2007) "Salem railway division formed" The Hindu
  14. ↑ , http://www.hindu.com/2009/10/15/stories/2009101554400500.htm 
  15. ↑ http://www.mciindia.org/apps/search/view_college.asp?ID=226
  16. ↑ http://www.hindu.com/2006/07/03/stories/2006070310620100.htm

Neelambal subramaniam Hr. Sec. School,Old suramangalam, salem-5 Jothi Matriculation Higher Secondary School Ammapet Colony Salem.

External links

See also

Salem District
Taluk
Attur · Edapady · Gangavalli · Mettur · Omalur · Salem · Sankagiri · Valapady · Yercaud
Blocks
Attur · Ayothiapattinam · Gangavalli · Edappadi · Kadayampatti · Kolathur · Konganapuram · Macdonalds Choultry · Mecheri · Nangavalli · Omalur · Panaimarathupatti · Pethanaickenpalayam · Salem · Sankari · Talavasal · Tharamangalam · Vazhapadi · Veerapandi · Yercaud
Corporation
Salem
Municipality
Attur · Edappadi · Mettur · Narasingapuram
Census Towns
Avadattur · Dalavaipatti · Kondalampatti · Mallamooppampatti · Maramangalathupatti · Neikkarapatti · Papparapatti
Town Panchayat
Attayampatti · Ayothiapattinam · Jalakandapuram · Kannankurichi · Kolathur · Konganapuram · Mecheri · Omalur · P.N.Patti · Pethanaickenpalayam · Sankari · Thammampatti · Tharamangalam · Vazhapadi · Veerakkalpudur · Belur · Edaganasalai · Elampillai · Ethapur · Gangavalli · Kadayampatti · Karuppur · Keeripatti · Mallur · Panaimarathupatti · Sentharapatti · Thedavur · Thevur · Veeraganur · Arasiramani · Nangavalli · Poolampatti · Vanavasi
 State of Tamil Nadu
Capital : Chennai
Topics:

Cinema · Cuisine · Economy · Government · History · Language · Literature · Music · People · Politics · Temples · Wildlife
Capital:

Chennai  · State bird: Chalcophaps indica -National Aquarium -Baltimore-8a.jpg Emerald Dove  · State Animal: Niltahr.jpg Nilgiri Tahr  · State Tree: Borassus flabellifer.jpg Palm Tree  · State flower: Gloriosa superba.jpg Gloriosa Lily  ·
Districts:

Ariyalur · Chennai · Coimbatore · Cuddalore · Dharmapuri · Dindigul · Erode · Kanchipuram · Kanyakumari · Karur · Krishnagiri · Madurai · Nagapattinam · Namakkal · Perambalur · Pudukkottai · Ramanathapuram · Salem · Sivaganga · Thanjavur · The Nilgiris · Theni · Thoothukudi · Tiruchirapalli · Tirunelveli · Tirupur · Tiruvallur · Tiruvannamalai · Tiruvarur · Vellore · Viluppuram · Virudhunagar
Major cities:

Chennai  · Coimbatore  · Erode  · Madurai  · Salem · Tiruchirapalli · Tirunelveli  · Tirupur  · Tuticorin · Vellore
Protected areas:

Biosphere Reserves: · Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve · Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve · Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve ·
National Parks: Guindy National Park · Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park · Indira Gandhi National Park · Mudumalai National Park · Mukurthi National Park · Palani Hills National Park
Wildlife Sanctuaries: Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary · Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary · Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary ·
Bird Sanctuaries: Koothankulam Bird Sanctuary · Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary · Conservation reserves: Tiruvidaimarudur Conservation Reserve
Portal : Tamil Nadu